Add an option allowing users to use their password to reauthenticate even though password authentication is disabled. (#12883)

Makes it so that groups/communities no longer exist from a user-POV. E.g. we remove:

* All API endpoints (including Client-Server, Server-Server, and admin).
* Documented configuration options (and the experimental flag, which is now unused).
* Special handling during room upgrades.
* The `groups` section of the `/sync` response.

Co-authored-by: Matthew Hodgson <matthew@matrix.org>

* Add mau_appservice_trial_days

* Add a test

* Tweaks

* changelog

* Ensure we sync after the delay

* Fix types

* Add config statement

* Fix test

* Reinstate logging that got removed

* Fix feature name

Fixes https://github.com/matrix-org/synapse/issues/12205

Only allow files which file size and content types match configured
limits to be set as avatar.

Most of the inspiration from the non-test code comes from matrix-org/synapse-dinsic#19

This is mostly motivated by the tchap use case, where usernames are automatically generated from the user's email address (in a way that allows figuring out the email address from the username). Therefore, it's an issue if we respond to requests on /register and /register/available with M_USER_IN_USE, because it can potentially leak email addresses (which include the user's real name and place of work).

This commit adds a flag to inhibit the M_USER_IN_USE errors that are raised both by /register/available, and when providing a username early into the registration process. This error will still be raised if the user completes the registration process but the username conflicts. This is particularly useful when using modules (https://github.com/matrix-org/synapse/pull/11790 adds a module callback to set the username of users at registration) or SSO, since they can ensure the username is unique.

More context is available in the PR that introduced this behaviour to synapse-dinsic: matrix-org/synapse-dinsic#48 - as well as the issue in the matrix-dinsic repo: matrix-org/matrix-dinsic#476

This changes the behaviour of the root endpoint to redirect
directly to the configuration of `web_client_location` if it is
given an HTTP(S) URL.

Fixes #11741

... and a minor thinko fix in the sample config.

* Fix sample_config.yaml in regards track_puppeted_user_ips

Closes #11741

Signed-off-by: Jason Robinson <jasonr@matrix.org>

* change spec url in config files

* Create 11739.txt

* .txt -> .doc

Currently when puppeting another user, the user doing the puppeting is
tracked for client IPs and MAU (if configured).

When tracking MAU is important, it becomes necessary to be possible to
also track the client IPs and MAU of puppeted users. As an example a
client that manages user creation and creation of tokens via the Synapse
admin API, passing those tokens for the client to use.

This PR adds optional configuration to enable tracking of puppeted users
into monthly active users. The default behaviour stays the same.

Signed-off-by: Jason Robinson <jasonr@matrix.org>

Co-authored-by: reivilibre <olivier@librepush.net>
Co-authored-by: reivilibre <oliverw@matrix.org>

Invites and knocks will now include the topic in the stripped state
send to clients before joining the room.

This reverts commit 158d73eb.

Revert "Sort internal changes in changelog"
Revert "Update CHANGES.md"
Revert "1.49.0rc1"
Revert "Revert "Move `glob_to_regex` and `re_word_boundary` to `matrix-python-common` (#11505) (#11527)"
Revert "Refactors in `_generate_sync_entry_for_rooms` (#11515)"
Revert "Correctly register shutdown handler for presence workers (#11518)"
Revert "Fix `ModuleApi.looping_background_call` for non-async functions (#11524)"
Revert "Fix 'delete room' admin api to work on incomplete rooms (#11523)"
Revert "Correctly ignore invites from ignored users (#11511)"
Revert "Fix the test breakage introduced by #11435 as a result of concurrent PRs (#11522)"
Revert "Stabilise support for MSC2918 refresh tokens as they have now been merged into the Matrix specification. (#11435)"
Revert "Save the OIDC session ID (sid) with the device on login (#11482)"
Revert "Add admin API to get some information about federation status (#11407)"
Revert "Include bundled aggregations in /sync and related fixes (#11478)"
Revert "Move `glob_to_regex` and `re_word_boundary` to `matrix-python-common` (#11505)"
Revert "Update backward extremity docs to make it clear that it does not indicate whether we have fetched an events' `prev_events` (#11469)"
Revert "Support configuring the lifetime of non-refreshable access tokens separately to refreshable access tokens. (#11445)"
Revert "Add type hints to `synapse/tests/rest/admin` (#11501)"
Revert "Revert accidental commits to develop."
Revert "Newsfile"
Revert "Give `tests.server.setup_test_homeserver` (nominally!) the same behaviour"
Revert "Move `tests.utils.setup_test_homeserver` to `tests.server`"
Revert "Convert one of the `setup_test_homeserver`s to `make_test_homeserver_synchronous`"
Revert "Disambiguate queries on `state_key` (#11497)"
Revert "Comments on the /sync tentacles (#11494)"
Revert "Clean up tests.storage.test_appservice (#11492)"
Revert "Clean up `tests.storage.test_main` to remove use of legacy code. (#11493)"
Revert "Clean up `tests.test_visibility` to remove legacy code. (#11495)"
Revert "Minor cleanup on recently ported doc pages  (#11466)"
Revert "Add most of the missing type hints to `synapse.federation`. (#11483)"
Revert "Avoid waiting for zombie processes in `synctl stop` (#11490)"
Revert "Fix media repository failing when media store path contains symlinks (#11446)"
Revert "Add type annotations to `tests.storage.test_appservice`. (#11488)"
Revert "`scripts-dev/sign_json`: support for signing events (#11486)"
Revert "Add MSC3030 experimental client and federation API endpoints to get the closest event to a given timestamp (#9445)"
Revert "Port wiki pages to documentation website (#11402)"
Revert "Add a license header and comment. (#11479)"
Revert "Clean-up get_version_string (#11468)"
Revert "Link background update controller docs to summary (#11475)"
Revert "Additional type hints for config module. (#11465)"
Revert "Register the login redirect endpoint for v3. (#11451)"
Revert "Update openid.md"
Revert "Remove mention of OIDC certification from Dex (#11470)"
Revert "Add a note about huge pages to our Postgres doc (#11467)"
Revert "Don't start Synapse master process if `worker_app` is set (#11416)"
Revert "Expose worker & homeserver as entrypoints in `setup.py` (#11449)"
Revert "Bundle relations of relations into the `/relations` result. (#11284)"
Revert "Fix `LruCache` corruption bug with a `size_callback` that can return 0 (#11454)"
Revert "Eliminate a few `Any`s in `LruCache` type hints (#11453)"
Revert "Remove unnecessary `json.dumps` from `tests.rest.admin` (#11461)"
Revert "Merge branch 'master' into develop"

This reverts commit 26b5d232.
This reverts commit bce4220f.
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This reverts commit b14f8a1b, reversing
changes made to e713855d.

Stabilise support for MSC2918 refresh tokens as they have now been merged into the Matrix specification. (#11435)

Allows specifying a different claim (from the default "sub") to use
when calculating the localpart of the Matrix ID used during the
JWT login.

Instead of having admins poke into the database directly.

Can currently run jobs to populate stats and to populate
the user directory.

Otherwise I get this beautiful stacktrace:

```
python3 -m synapse.app.homeserver --config-path /etc/matrix/homeserver.yaml
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/usr/lib/python3.8/runpy.py", line 194, in _run_module_as_main
    return _run_code(code, main_globals, None,
  File "/usr/lib/python3.8/runpy.py", line 87, in _run_code
    exec(code, run_globals)
  File "/root/synapse/synapse/app/homeserver.py", line 455, in <module>
    main()
  File "/root/synapse/synapse/app/homeserver.py", line 445, in main
    hs = setup(sys.argv[1:])
  File "/root/synapse/synapse/app/homeserver.py", line 345, in setup
    config = HomeServerConfig.load_or_generate_config(
  File "/root/synapse/synapse/config/_base.py", line 671, in load_or_generate_config
    config_dict = read_config_files(config_files)
  File "/root/synapse/synapse/config/_base.py", line 717, in read_config_files
    yaml_config = yaml.safe_load(file_stream)
  File "/root/synapse/env/lib/python3.8/site-packages/yaml/__init__.py", line 125, in safe_load
    return load(stream, SafeLoader)
  File "/root/synapse/env/lib/python3.8/site-packages/yaml/__init__.py", line 81, in load
    return loader.get_single_data()
  File "/root/synapse/env/lib/python3.8/site-packages/yaml/constructor.py", line 49, in get_single_data
    node = self.get_single_node()
  File "/root/synapse/env/lib/python3.8/site-packages/yaml/composer.py", line 36, in get_single_node
    document = self.compose_document()
  File "/root/synapse/env/lib/python3.8/site-packages/yaml/composer.py", line 55, in compose_document
    node = self.compose_node(None, None)
  File "/root/synapse/env/lib/python3.8/site-packages/yaml/composer.py", line 84, in compose_node
    node = self.compose_mapping_node(anchor)
  File "/root/synapse/env/lib/python3.8/site-packages/yaml/composer.py", line 133, in compose_mapping_node
    item_value = self.compose_node(node, item_key)
  File "/root/synapse/env/lib/python3.8/site-packages/yaml/composer.py", line 82, in compose_node
    node = self.compose_sequence_node(anchor)
  File "/root/synapse/env/lib/python3.8/site-packages/yaml/composer.py", line 110, in compose_sequence_node
    while not self.check_event(SequenceEndEvent):
  File "/root/synapse/env/lib/python3.8/site-packages/yaml/parser.py", line 98, in check_event
    self.current_event = self.state()
  File "/root/synapse/env/lib/python3.8/site-packages/yaml/parser.py", line 379, in parse_block_sequence_first_entry
    return self.parse_block_sequence_entry()
  File "/root/synapse/env/lib/python3.8/site-packages/yaml/parser.py", line 384, in parse_block_sequence_entry
    if not self.check_token(BlockEntryToken, BlockEndToken):
  File "/root/synapse/env/lib/python3.8/site-packages/yaml/scanner.py", line 116, in check_token
    self.fetch_more_tokens()
  File "/root/synapse/env/lib/python3.8/site-packages/yaml/scanner.py", line 227, in fetch_more_tokens
    return self.fetch_alias()
  File "/root/synapse/env/lib/python3.8/site-packages/yaml/scanner.py", line 610, in fetch_alias
    self.tokens.append(self.scan_anchor(AliasToken))
  File "/root/synapse/env/lib/python3.8/site-packages/yaml/scanner.py", line 922, in scan_anchor
    raise ScannerError("while scanning an %s" % name, start_mark,
yaml.scanner.ScannerError: while scanning an alias
  in "/etc/matrix/homeserver.yaml", line 614, column 5
expected alphabetic or numeric character, but found '.'
  in "/etc/matrix/homeserver.yaml", line 614, column 6
```

Signed-off-by: Nicolai Søborg <git@xn--sb-lka.org>

We might as well use a default value for `public_baseurl` based on
`server_name` - in many cases, it will be correct.

Fixes https://github.com/matrix-org/synapse/issues/8308

Co-authored-by: Azrenbeth <7782548+Azrenbeth@users.noreply.github.com>
Co-authored-by: Brendan Abolivier <babolivier@matrix.org>