Migrate all tests to use the dict-based config format instead of hanging items off HomeserverConfig (#5171)

This commit adds two config options:

* `restrict_public_rooms_to_local_users`

Requires auth to fetch the public rooms directory through the CS API and disables fetching it through the federation API.

* `require_auth_for_profile_requests`

When set to `true`, requires that requests to `/profile` over the CS API are authenticated, and only returns the user's profile if the requester shares a room with the profile's owner, as per MSC1301.

MSC1301 also specifies a behaviour for federation (only returning the profile if the server asking for it shares a room with the profile's owner), but that's currently really non-trivial to do in a not too expensive way. Next step is writing down a MSC that allows a HS to specify which user sent the profile query. In this implementation, Synapse won't send a profile query over federation if it doesn't believe it already shares a room with the profile's owner, though.

Groups have been intentionally omitted from this commit.

This closes #2602

v1auth was created to account for the differences in status code between
the v1 and v2_alpha revisions of the protocol (401 vs 403 for invalid
tokens). However since those protocols were merged, this makes the r0
version/endpoint internally inconsistent, and violates the
specification for the r0 endpoint.

This might break clients that rely on this inconsistency with the
specification. This is said to affect the legacy angular reference
client. However, I feel that restoring parity with the spec is more
important. Either way, it is critical to inform developers about this
change, in case they rely on the illegal behaviour.

Signed-off-by: Adrian Tschira <nota@notafile.com>

Wrap the `Requester` constructor with a function which provides sensible
defaults, and use it throughout

This will enable more detailed decisions

This tracks data about the entity which made the request. This is
instead of passing around a tuple, which requires call-site
modifications every time a new piece of optional context is passed
around.

I tried to introduce a User object. I gave up.

This follows the same flows-based flow as regular registration, but as
the only implemented flow has no requirements, it auto-succeeds. In the
future, other flows (e.g. captcha) may be required, so clients should
treat this like the regular registration flow choices.

setup_test_homeserver function in utils.

Have all unit tests import from our own subclass of trial's unittest TestCase; set up logging in ONE PLACE ONLY

fix the copyright holder from matrix.org to OpenMarket Ltd, as matrix.org hasn't been incorporated in time for launch.

change the world: make the default matrix API URL prefix /_matrix rather than /matrix to make it easier for existing websites to mount a HS in their namespace without collisions.

perl -pi -e 's#/matrix#/_matrix#g' ./cmdclient/console.py ./docs/client-server/howto.rst ./docs/client-server/specification.rst ./docs/client-server/swagger_matrix/directory ./docs/client-server/swagger_matrix/events ./docs/client-server/swagger_matrix/login ./docs/client-server/swagger_matrix/presence ./docs/client-server/swagger_matrix/profile ./docs/client-server/swagger_matrix/registration ./docs/client-server/swagger_matrix/rooms ./docs/server-server/specification.rst ./graph/graph.py ./jsfiddles/create_room_send_msg/demo.js ./jsfiddles/event_stream/demo.js ./jsfiddles/example_app/demo.js ./jsfiddles/register_login/demo.js ./jsfiddles/room_memberships/demo.js ./synapse/api/urls.py ./tests/federation/test_federation.py ./tests/handlers/test_presence.py ./tests/handlers/test_typing.py ./tests/rest/test_events.py ./tests/rest/test_presence.py ./tests/rest/test_profile.py ./tests/rest/test_rooms.py ./webclient/components/fileUpload/file-upload-service.js ./webclient/components/matrix/matrix-service.js

Rename MockHttpServer to MockHttpResource as it stands for one server resource rather than an entire server

Removed http_server from HomeServer. Updated unit tests to use either resource_for_federation or resource_for_client depending on what is being tested.

Start phasing out HttpServer: we should be using Resources instead. Added resource_for_client/federation/web_client to the HomeServer and hooked the C-S servlets to operate on resource_for_client. Dynamically construct the Resource tree.

add in copyrights to everything, not just the synapse subdir, and add a copyrighter.pl whilst we're at it