Use `ParamSpec` in a few places (#12667)

changelog.d/12667.misc

poetry.lock

pyproject.toml

synapse/app/_base.py

synapse/events/presence_router.py

synapse/module_api/__init__.py

synapse/rest/client/knock.py

synapse/rest/client/transactions.py

synapse/storage/database.py

synapse/storage/databases/main/events.py

synapse/util/async_helpers.py

synapse/util/distributor.py

synapse/util/metrics.py

synapse/util/patch_inline_callbacks.py