Add support for X-Forwarded-Proto (#9472)

rewrite XForwardedForRequest to set `isSecure()` based on
`X-Forwarded-Proto`. Also implement `getClientAddress()` while we're here.

changelog.d/9472.feature

+Add support for `X-Forwarded-Proto` header when using a reverse proxy. Administrators using a reverse proxy should ensure this header is set to avoid warnings. See [docs/workers.md](docs/workers.md) for example configurations.

docs/reverse_proxy.md

@@ -9,23 +9,23 @@ of doing so is that it means that you can expose the default https port
 (443) to Matrix clients without needing to run Synapse with root
 privileges.
 
-**NOTE**: Your reverse proxy must not `canonicalise` or `normalise`
-the requested URI in any way (for example, by decoding `%xx` escapes).
-Beware that Apache *will* canonicalise URIs unless you specify
-`nocanon`.
-
-When setting up a reverse proxy, remember that Matrix clients and other
-Matrix servers do not necessarily need to connect to your server via the
-same server name or port. Indeed, clients will use port 443 by default,
-whereas servers default to port 8448. Where these are different, we
-refer to the 'client port' and the 'federation port'. See [the Matrix
+You should configure your reverse proxy to forward requests to `/_matrix` or
+`/_synapse/client` to Synapse, and have it set the `X-Forwarded-For` and
+`X-Forwarded-Proto` request headers.
+
+You should remember that Matrix clients and other Matrix servers do not
+necessarily need to connect to your server via the same server name or
+port. Indeed, clients will use port 443 by default, whereas servers default to
+port 8448. Where these are different, we refer to the 'client port' and the
+'federation port'. See [the Matrix
 specification](https://matrix.org/docs/spec/server_server/latest#resolving-server-names)
 for more details of the algorithm used for federation connections, and
 [delegate.md](<delegate.md>) for instructions on setting up delegation.
 
-Endpoints that are part of the standardised Matrix specification are
-located under `/_matrix`, whereas endpoints specific to Synapse are
-located under `/_synapse/client`.
+**NOTE**: Your reverse proxy must not `canonicalise` or `normalise`
+the requested URI in any way (for example, by decoding `%xx` escapes).
+Beware that Apache *will* canonicalise URIs unless you specify
+`nocanon`.
 
 Let's assume that we expect clients to connect to our server at
 `https://matrix.example.com`, and other servers to connect at
@@ -52,6 +52,7 @@ server {
     location ~* ^(\/_matrix|\/_synapse\/client) {
         proxy_pass http://localhost:8008;
         proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $remote_addr;
+        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Proto $scheme;
         # Nginx by default only allows file uploads up to 1M in size
         # Increase client_max_body_size to match max_upload_size defined in homeserver.yaml
         client_max_body_size 50M;
@@ -102,6 +103,7 @@ example.com:8448 {
     SSLEngine on
     ServerName matrix.example.com;
 
+    RequestHeader set "X-Forwarded-Proto" expr=%{REQUEST_SCHEME}
     AllowEncodedSlashes NoDecode
     ProxyPass /_matrix http://127.0.0.1:8008/_matrix nocanon
     ProxyPassReverse /_matrix http://127.0.0.1:8008/_matrix
@@ -113,6 +115,7 @@ example.com:8448 {
     SSLEngine on
     ServerName example.com;
 
+    RequestHeader set "X-Forwarded-Proto" expr=%{REQUEST_SCHEME}
     AllowEncodedSlashes NoDecode
     ProxyPass /_matrix http://127.0.0.1:8008/_matrix nocanon
     ProxyPassReverse /_matrix http://127.0.0.1:8008/_matrix
@@ -134,6 +137,9 @@ example.com:8448 {
 ```
 frontend https
   bind :::443 v4v6 ssl crt /etc/ssl/haproxy/ strict-sni alpn h2,http/1.1
+  http-request set-header X-Forwarded-Proto https if { ssl_fc }
+  http-request set-header X-Forwarded-Proto http if !{ ssl_fc }
+  http-request set-header X-Forwarded-For %[src]
 
   # Matrix client traffic
   acl matrix-host hdr(host) -i matrix.example.com
@@ -144,6 +150,10 @@ frontend https
 
 frontend matrix-federation
   bind :::8448 v4v6 ssl crt /etc/ssl/haproxy/synapse.pem alpn h2,http/1.1
+  http-request set-header X-Forwarded-Proto https if { ssl_fc }
+  http-request set-header X-Forwarded-Proto http if !{ ssl_fc }
+  http-request set-header X-Forwarded-For %[src]
+
   default_backend matrix
 
 backend matrix

synapse/http/site.py

@@ -16,6 +16,10 @@ import logging
 import time
 from typing import Optional, Union
 
+import attr
+from zope.interface import implementer
+
+from twisted.internet.interfaces import IAddress
 from twisted.python.failure import Failure
 from twisted.web.server import Request, Site
 
@@ -333,26 +337,77 @@ class SynapseRequest(Request):
 
 
 class XForwardedForRequest(SynapseRequest):
-    def __init__(self, *args, **kw):
-        SynapseRequest.__init__(self, *args, **kw)
+    """Request object which honours proxy headers
 
+    Extends SynapseRequest to replace getClientIP, getClientAddress, and isSecure with
+    information from request headers.
     """
-    Add a layer on top of another request that only uses the value of an
-    X-Forwarded-For header as the result of C{getClientIP}.
-    """
 
-    def getClientIP(self):
+    # the client IP and ssl flag, as extracted from the headers.
+    _forwarded_for = None  # type: Optional[_XForwardedForAddress]
+    _forwarded_https = False  # type: bool
+
+    def requestReceived(self, command, path, version):
+        # this method is called by the Channel once the full request has been
+        # received, to dispatch the request to a resource.
+        # We can use it to set the IP address and protocol according to the
+        # headers.
+        self._process_forwarded_headers()
+        return super().requestReceived(command, path, version)
+
+    def _process_forwarded_headers(self):
+        headers = self.requestHeaders.getRawHeaders(b"x-forwarded-for")
+        if not headers:
+            return
+
+        # for now, we just use the first x-forwarded-for header. Really, we ought
+        # to start from the client IP address, and check whether it is trusted; if it
+        # is, work backwards through the headers until we find an untrusted address.
+        # see https://github.com/matrix-org/synapse/issues/9471
+        self._forwarded_for = _XForwardedForAddress(
+            headers[0].split(b",")[0].strip().decode("ascii")
+        )
+
+        # if we got an x-forwarded-for header, also look for an x-forwarded-proto header
+        header = self.getHeader(b"x-forwarded-proto")
+        if header is not None:
+            self._forwarded_https = header.lower() == b"https"
+        else:
+            # this is done largely for backwards-compatibility so that people that
+            # haven't set an x-forwarded-proto header don't get a redirect loop.
+            logger.warning(
+                "forwarded request lacks an x-forwarded-proto header: assuming https"
+            )
+            self._forwarded_https = True
+
+    def isSecure(self):
+        if self._forwarded_https:
+            return True
+        return super().isSecure()
+
+    def getClientIP(self) -> str:
         """
-        @return: The client address (the first address) in the value of the
-            I{X-Forwarded-For header}.  If the header is not present, return
-            C{b"-"}.
+        Return the IP address of the client who submitted this request.
+
+        This method is deprecated.  Use getClientAddress() instead.
         """
-        return (
-            self.requestHeaders.getRawHeaders(b"x-forwarded-for", [b"-"])[0]
-            .split(b",")[0]
-            .strip()
-            .decode("ascii")
-        )
+        if self._forwarded_for is not None:
+            return self._forwarded_for.host
+        return super().getClientIP()
+
+    def getClientAddress(self) -> IAddress:
+        """
+        Return the address of the client who submitted this request.
+        """
+        if self._forwarded_for is not None:
+            return self._forwarded_for
+        return super().getClientAddress()
+
+
+@implementer(IAddress)
+@attr.s(frozen=True, slots=True)
+class _XForwardedForAddress:
+    host = attr.ib(type=str)
 
 
 class SynapseSite(Site):