When configuring the return values of mocks, prefer awaitables from
`make_awaitable` over `defer.succeed`. `Deferred`s are only awaitable
once, so it is inappropriate for a mock to return the same `Deferred`
multiple times.

Also update `run_in_background` to support functions that return
arbitrary awaitables.

Signed-off-by: Sean Quah <seanq@element.io>

The presence of this method was confusing, and mostly present for backwards
compatibility. Let's get rid of it.

Part of #11733

Required some fixes due to merge conflicts with #6739, but nothing too hairy. The first commit is the same as the original (after merge conflict resolution) then two more for compatibility with the latest sync code.

This reverts commit e9eb3549.

This leaves out all optional keys from /sync. This should be fine for all clients tested against conduit already, but it may break some clients, as such we should check, that at least most of them don't break horribly and maybe back out some of the individual changes. (We can probably always leave out groups for example, while the others may cause more issues.)

Signed-off-by: Nicolas Werner <nicolas.werner@hotmail.de>

Part of #9744

Removes all redundant `# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-` lines from files, as python 3 automatically reads source code as utf-8 now.

`Signed-off-by: Jonathan de Jong <jonathan@automatia.nl&gt;`>

 - Update black version to the latest
 - Run black auto formatting over the codebase
    - Run autoformatting according to [`docs/code_style.md
`](https://github.com/matrix-org/synapse/blob/80d6dc9783aa80886a133756028984dbf8920168/docs/code_style.md)
 - Update `code_style.md` docs around installing black to use the correct version

This was never used, so let's get rid of it.

These are surprisingly expensive, and we only really need to do them at startup.

Fixes #6815

Before figuring out whether we should alert a user on MAU, we call get_notice_room_for_user to get some info on the existing server notices room for this user. This function, if the room doesn't exist, creates it and invites the user in it. This means that, if we decide later that no server notice is needed, the user gets invited in a room with no message in it. This happens at every restart of the server, since the room ID returned by get_notice_room_for_user is cached.

This PR fixes that by moving the inviting bit to a dedicated function, that's only called when the server actually needs to send a notice to the user. A potential issue with this approach is that the room that's created by get_notice_room_for_user doesn't match how that same function looks for an existing room (i.e. it creates a room that doesn't have an invite or a join for the current user in it, so it could lead to a new room being created each time a user syncs), but I'm not sure this is a problem given it's cached until the server restarts, so that function won't run very often.

It also renames get_notice_room_for_user into get_or_create_notice_room_for_user to make what it does clearer.

this is never set to anything other than "test", and is a source of unnecessary
boilerplate.

The expected use case is to suppress MAU limiting on small instances

The `expire_access_token` didn't do what it sounded like it should do. What it
actually did was make Synapse enforce the 'time' caveat on macaroons used as
access tokens, but since our access token macaroons never contained such a
caveat, it was always a no-op.

(The code to add 'time' caveats was removed back in v0.18.5, in #1656)

Migrate all tests to use the dict-based config format instead of hanging items off HomeserverConfig (#5171)

Make sure that we have a `server_notices_mxid` set, given that we are relying
on it.

This test stubbed out some stuff in a very weird way. I have no idea why. It broke.

This manifested in synapse repeatedly setting the tag for the room

This was due to a bug where we mutated a cached event's contents