diff --git a/changelog.d/16211.bugfix b/changelog.d/16211.bugfix
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..ab1816386c1c04e4aea4ca5da11b1d48ac368639
--- /dev/null
+++ b/changelog.d/16211.bugfix
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+Fix a long-standing bug where uploading images would fail if we could not generate thumbnails for them.
diff --git a/synapse/__init__.py b/synapse/__init__.py
index 2f9c22a83352dbc76d54ff164f149378594497ba..4a9bbc4d57b75ada385b9037209f043eeb2f0707 100644
--- a/synapse/__init__.py
+++ b/synapse/__init__.py
@@ -21,9 +21,14 @@ import os
 import sys
 from typing import Any, Dict
 
+from PIL import ImageFile
+
 from synapse.util.rust import check_rust_lib_up_to_date
 from synapse.util.stringutils import strtobool
 
+# Allow truncated JPEG images to be thumbnailed.
+ImageFile.LOAD_TRUNCATED_IMAGES = True
+
 # Check that we're not running on an unsupported Python version.
 #
 # Note that we use an (unneeded) variable here so that pyupgrade doesn't nuke the
diff --git a/synapse/media/media_repository.py b/synapse/media/media_repository.py
index 4b750c700b897dc817903703cea18ae9c8768183..1b7b014f9ac245a93ce45f1d3888c6f615b75886 100644
--- a/synapse/media/media_repository.py
+++ b/synapse/media/media_repository.py
@@ -214,7 +214,10 @@ class MediaRepository:
             user_id=auth_user,
         )
 
-        await self._generate_thumbnails(None, media_id, media_id, media_type)
+        try:
+            await self._generate_thumbnails(None, media_id, media_id, media_type)
+        except Exception as e:
+            logger.info("Failed to generate thumbnails: %s", e)
 
         return MXCUri(self.server_name, media_id)